Results from recent studies support the role of urinary MCP-1 for distinguishing LN from non-renal SLE (AUC 0.73–1.0, Sn 37.5–95%, Sp 58–97.3%, PPV 60–94%, NPV 68–95%) [59,87,104,131,133,137,141,142] and for identifying clinical (based on SLEDAI—AUC 0.7–1.0, Sn 70–100%, Sp 58–100%, PPV 100%, NPV 100%) and histological activity (for predicting proliferative LN- AUC 0.64–0.78; for predicting high AI-AUC 0.71, Sn 79%, Sp 65%) [45,46,68,104,133,143,144,145,146,147]. Here, CCL2 is linked to lobular neoplasia.