MTOR and neoplasm: According to research, brusatol and bruceine D activate the JNK [110]/p38 MAPK [62] signaling pathways while suppressing the activation of Stat3/NF-κB, PI3K/Akt/mTOR [76], and PI3K/Akt/NF-κB [111] pathways, thereby inducing apoptosis in various tumor cells (Figure 3).