VEGFA and retinitis: FDA-approved RNA-based therapies for posterior eye diseases include Vitravene (fomivirsen), an antisense oligonucleotide for cytomegalovirus retinitis (CMV) in 1998; Macugen (pegaptanib), an aptamer targeting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) protein for wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in 2004; and Izervay (avacincaptad pegol), an aptamer targeting complement protein C5 for geographic atrophy (GA) secondary to AMD in 2023.