Furthermore, hypofractionated irradiation diminishes the induction of the DNA exonuclease Trex1, facilitating the cytoplasmic accumulation of double-stranded DNA, thereby-promoting STING-mediated type I IFN release by cancer cells, which is superior to single-dose treatment regimens in preclinical mouse models concerning the CTLA-4 blockade [182]. Here, STING1 is linked to cancer.