ADIPOQ and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: Collectively, polyphenols exert adipokine-mediated benefits through stimulation of adiponectin release and receptor activation, inhibition of resistin-driven TLR4/NF-κB cascades, and improvement of neuronal glucose metabolism via AMPK signaling, supporting their potential as dietary interventions for obesity-associated AD [239,240,241].