TNF and fibrosis: In the Adm2fl/flTagCre mice, we found that IMD deficiency in VSMCs promoted prosenescent factor expression (Il-6, Tnf-α and Tgfb1), inhibited the expression of VSMCs marker protein (α-actin), and aggravated vascular senescent phenotype transition, which might indicate that IMD deficiency in VSMCs aggravated the elevation in BP and vascular fibrosis by promoting vascular aging in tunica media of aorta.