Moreover, mesoporous silica-based quercetin nanoparticles (<200 nm) regulate AKT and Bax signaling pathways to trigger apoptosis and cell cycle arrest [236], whereas EGCG-PEG nanoparticles (140–182 nm) augment tumor suppression by elevating p21, PTEN, and Bax expression while downregulating oncogenic markers such as p-AKT and Cyclin D1 [237]. Here, BAX is linked to neoplasm.