For TNF-α, a relatively lower relationship was observed, with an independently increased risk of T2DM, with a relative risk of 1.16 [95% CI 0.87–1.45] [55] When lean subjects with a body mass index of less than 25 kg/m2 and patients with a body mass index of 30–40 kg/m2 were compared, there was a 7.5-fold increase in tumor necrosis factor-α secretion from adipose tissue. This evidence concerns the gene TNF and type 2 diabetes mellitus.