SUMO1 and post-traumatic stress disorder: In our study, we found that plasma levels of the SUMO1 marker were the highest in the control group without PTSD (median 34.63 ng/mL), lower in the chronic PTSD group (>5 years; median 11.40 ng/mL), and the lowest in the recent PTSD group (≤5 years; median 4.47 ng/mL).