Table 2 presents the levels of four biomarkers—SUMO1, MDA, CX3CL1, and UCHL1—in male patients with past PTSD (stratified by duration since diagnosis: ≤5 years and >5 years) and controls without PTSD, offering insights into the impact of PTSD and its chronicity on these parameters. The results across PTSD status groups are visualized in Figure 1. This evidence concerns the gene UCHL1 and post-traumatic stress disorder.