Intestinal IRI-induced pIκBα protein levels in the hippocampus were significantly reduced by 4-MU, suggesting that hyaluronan may positively modulate the multi-subunit IκB kinase (IKK), as previously observed in prostate cancer cells, possibly via hyaluronan receptors alternative to TLR4 [37]. This evidence concerns the gene TLR4 and prostate carcinoma.