LPA and atherosclerosis: When examining parameters at the second visit, the only factor combinations demonstrating statistically significant association with atherosclerosis development at the second visit (Group 2) compared to the control group (Group 3, n = 91) in odds ratio analysis were as follows: a combination of HDL-C level below the median (1.12 mmol/L) and elevated Lp(a) concentration (≥30 mg/dL) (OR = 8.2, 95% CI: 1.5–44.9, p = 0.01), as well as a combination of PLR below the median (101.9) and elevated Lp(a) concentration (≥30 mg/dL) (OR = 5.0, 95% CI: 1.3–19.2, p = 0.02).