In tumor studies, Pastorek found that ovarian cancer cells induced the expression of tumor-suppressing genes like PAX6 while suppressing pro-oncogenic genes such as HIF-1α following sulforaphane intervention in a hypoxic microenvironment, further suggesting that there may be a negative correlation at the level of transcriptional regulation between PAX6 and HIF-1α [31]. Here, PAX6 is linked to ovarian cancer.