VEGFA and schizophrenia: For example, the drugs clozapine and ritanserin, which are used in the clinical treatment of schizophrenia, can reduce the release of VEGF, promote the polarization of tumor-associated macrophages from the M2 to the M1 phenotype within the tumor microenvironment, thereby enhancing the anti-cancer immune response by antagonizing 5-HT2A receptors.