INS and prediabetes syndrome: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) also show dietary antioxidants, such as Eriomin® (a lemon flavonoid extract), astaxanthin (a carotenoid in algae), saffron (a carotenoid-rich spice), and curcumin (a turmeric polyphenol), improve glycemic control and oxidative stress markers in prediabetes, including insulin sensitivity, IR, FPG, 2 h postprandial glucose, HbA1c, CRP, TNF-α, and AC [19,20,21,22].