TLR4 and Sepsis: For example, miR-146a has been shown to negatively regulate Toll-like receptor (TLR)-4/nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling, with increased expression attenuating cardiac dysfunction and systemic inflammation in murine models of polymicrobial sepsis through suppression of IRAK1 (Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase) and TRAF6 (TNF receptor-associated factor 6) [20].