In the liver:○Enhances the insulin immunosensitivity in the islets○Improves β-oxidation and PPAR-α○↓ Body mass, blood glucose, glucose tolerance, hepatic lipid profile, plasma levels of inflammatory cytokines, adiposity, hepatic steatosis, lipogenesis, and PPAR-γ levelsIn skeletal muscle:○Enhances PPAR-α and GLUT4○↓PPAR-γ levels. Here, INS is linked to fatty liver disease.