African trypanosomiasis pathway genes predominantly govern humoral immune responses: SELE acts as a lymphangiogenic receptor on lymphatic endothelial cells [34], MYD88 is essential for innate immunity, where aberrant activation promotes inflammatory cytokine production and tumor progression [35], PLCB4—a shared gene across both pathways—serves as a key regulator of IP3 and DAG, potent second messengers critical for cell proliferation and immune signaling [36,37]. This evidence concerns the gene PLCB4 and human African trypanosomiasis.