CD4 and infection: In PLWH, immune aging is further exacerbated by infection-intrinsic factors, even under virologic suppression: a reduced CD4/CD8 ratio, accumulation of CD8+CD28− T cells, depletion of the naïve T-cell compartment, chronic immune activation, and microbial translocation are hallmarks of an accelerated and dysfunctional immune phenotype [6].