To derive more dependable insights into this contentious issue, our study aimed to: (1) investigate the association between TSH, central thyroid hormone sensitivity indices, and DTC risk in both euthyroid and general populations with thyroid nodules; and (2) systematically evaluate these relationships across different thyroid autoimmune statuses, specifically within histologically confirmed AT and non-AT subgroups, as well as among populations stratified by TgAb and TPOAb positivity or negativity. The gene discussed is TG; the disease is ataxia telangiectasia.