IL18 and type 1 diabetes mellitus: For example, a meta-analysis showed that the -607C/A variant in the IL-18 gene is associated with T1D susceptibility in Asians, but not in Europeans [63], and FokI (rs2228570) and BsmI (rs1544410) polymorphisms of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene are associated with increased T1D risk in African and American populations, whereas in a mixed cohort (Asian, American, European, Australian, and African), the values were statistically insignificant [64].