TBX5 and atrial septal defect: Given the potential alteration of electrical impulse conductance in the myocardium and the association between ASD and NKX2-5, TBX5, and PRRX1 gene mutations, this review aims to investigate the clinical prevalence of atrioventricular block, bundle branch block, fascicular block, bradycardia, and the need for pacemakers in patients with ASD.