LAMB2 and diabetes mellitus: Additionally, the extracellular matrix (ECM) of the retina undergoes significant remodeling in diabetes, with proteins such as fibronectin and laminin accumulating in the ECM, thereby promoting lipoprotein retention, while matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), enzymes responsible for ECM turnover, also dysregulated in diabetes, further alter the retinal structure and stimulate the formation of deposits [16,17].