Finally, TOP2A is significantly upregulated in HCC tissues, and its high expression is associated with advanced tumor stage, poor differentiation, and unfavorable prognosis, particularly in Asian populations, suggesting that TOP2A may serve as a molecular marker for HCC progression and prognosis [35,73].These genes are closely linked to pathways involved in cirrhosis-to-HCC progression and patient prognosis, making them suitable for diagnostic modeling. Here, TOP2A is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.