TGFB1 and Peri-Implantitis: Within our corpus, isoform-resolved clinical data for TGF-β2/β3 remain sparse; notably, one genetic association study did not find a significant relationship between a TGF-β-3 polymorphism and periodontitis or peri-implantitis, underscoring that isoform-specific effects may be context-dependent and subtle at the population level.