Conversely, caspase-1 levels were highest in the PTSD ≤ 5 y group (25.70 ng/mL [IQR: 19.72–28.57]), intermediate in the PTSD > 5 y group (6.09 ng/mL [IQR: 3.53–17.23]), and lowest in the No PTSD group (2.77 ng/mL [IQR: 2.40–3.29]), revealing greater inflammation in recent PTSD cases; all pairwise differences were significant (adjusted p ≤ 0.030) except in the 36–50 years subgroup, where the difference between the PTSD ≤ 5 y (23.64 ng/mL [IQR: 19.60–28.57]) and PTSD > 5 y (9.37 ng/mL [IQR: 3.40–21.62]) groups was non-significant (adjusted p = 0.051). Here, CASP1 is linked to post-traumatic stress disorder.