In the PTSD > 5 y group (current diagnosis lasting more than 5 years), biomarkers displayed very strong inter-correlations among glutamine, glutathione, and caspase-1, with glutamine–glutathione (ρ = 0.93, p < 0.001), glutamine–caspase-1 (ρ = 0.79, p < 0.001), and glutathione–caspase-1 (ρ = 0.80, p < 0.001), indicating a highly synchronized biochemical network involving glutamatergic, antioxidant, and inflammatory pathways, possibly due to adaptive responses over time. Here, CASP1 is linked to post-traumatic stress disorder.