PTPA and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: Abbrevations: DAG, diacylglycerol; PKC, Protein kinase C; IRS1, Insulin receptor substrate 1; PI3K, Phosphoinositide 3-kinase; Akt, Protein kinase B; PP1, Protein phosphatase 1; PP2A, Protein phosphatase 2A; FOXO1, forkhead box O1; mTORC1, mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1; SREBP-1c, Sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1; GLUT4, Glucose transporter type 4; FFA, Free fatty acids; MASDL, Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease; ↑ increase; ↓ decrease.