ARAF and cancer: A recent analysis of data has led to a hypothetical scheme of bacteria cooperation in developing CRC, in which during the precancerous stage of CRC, B. fragilis BFT causes inflammation and mucosal damage that allow pks+ E. coli colonization, the induction of genetic mutations in the carcinogenesis stage, and the recruitment of Fusobacterium nucleatum to colonize the lesion site and promote stemness and proliferation of cancer cells, contributing to CRC advancement [254].