Neoadjuvant systemic oncolytic virotherapy (OV) has the potential to improve patient outcomes, and the VSV Immunotherapy and Genomics of Osteosarcoma Research (VIGOR) study was developed to test the safety, efficacy, and immunomodulatory effects of neoadjuvant intravenous vesicular stomatitis virus expressing interferon-beta and the sodium iodide symporter (VSV-IFNβ-NIS) therapy in dogs with localized appendicular OSA [7]. The gene discussed is SLC5A5; the disease is osteosarcoma.