TNF and deep vein thrombosis: Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) [25,26], cytokine surges (e.g., IL-6, TNF-α) [9,10,11], and brain-derived extracellular vesicles carrying procoagulant microparticles may converge on the pulmonary vasculature, creating a fertile ground for in situ thrombosis even in the absence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) [27,28].