TGFB1 and Myocardial fibrosis: In diabetic cardiomyopathy models, PPARγ agonists such as pioglitazone and rosiglitazone have been shown to downregulate TGF-β/ERK signaling and inflammatory cytokines, resulting in reduced myocardial fibrosis, possibly via miRNA-mediated control of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition pathways [39].