Conversely, viremia was highest (significantly, p = 0.0273 compared to HLTBI− and p = 0.0357 compared to HLTBI+) in the HTB+ group, suggesting that co-infection with active TB favored HIV-1 viral replication and concomitantly increased pathology in terms of lowered CD4 counts and CD4/CD8 ratios (Figure S2D). This evidence concerns the gene CD8A and tuberculosis.