CD14 and coinfection: Monocyte counts (Figure 1C), overall, trended towards being lower in PLHIV; however, interestingly, HLTBI+ individuals showed a significant reduction (similar to HIV-negative groups) in intermediate (CD14++CD16+) monocytes, compared to the non-co-infection (HLTBI−) group (p = 0.0388); these are known to be otherwise elevated in HIV infection (Figure 1H).