TNFRSF11B and type 1 diabetes mellitus: In T1D, chronic hyperglycemia, accumulation of AGEs, and oxidative stress disrupt the balance between Receptor Activator of Nuclear factor kappa-B Ligand (RANKL), which promotes osteoclastogenesis, and osteoprotegerin (OPG), a soluble decoy receptor, which counterbalances RANKL activity by binding RANKL and preventing its interaction with RANK.