Indeed, a study performed in MCF7 breast cancer cells demonstrated that activation of PPAR-γ or PPAR-α with pharmacological agonists showed opposite effects on the survival of mammospheres by regulating genes implicated in stemness via the NF-κB/IL-6 axis [135]: while treatment with PPAR-γ agonists or siRNA against PPARA reduced MCF7 mammosphere formation, PPAR-α agonists enhanced their number. The gene discussed is PPARA; the disease is breast carcinoma.