PPARD and cancer: Likewise, PPAR-δ was initially found to inhibit invasion in MiaPaca and BXPC3 pancreatic cancer cells [43] in response to TNF-α in vitro, but different studies revealed its implication in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), migration, and invasion, as well as in vivo metastasis, in pancreatic and other cancers [34,44].