Further pairwise comparison of human CSF cytokine and chemokine burst relative to Karnofsky scale at hospital discharge (Figure 4c) and tumor length (Figure 4d) indicated that the level of TNFα, IL‐4 and CXCL10 negatively correlates with beneficial neurological outcome, while the level of CCL3 and G‐CSF correlates positively with tumor length. This evidence concerns the gene CCL3 and neoplasm.