IL1RAP and Alzheimer disease: TZD pioglitazone downregulates pro-inflammatory genes (Tnfaip2, Tnfrsf1a, Il1rap, C1ql3, C1ql2 and NFκB) and upregulates genes reducing cytokine signaling (Socs2, Socs5, and Lpin1) in 3xTg-AD mice [116], but it does not seem to modulate microglia phenotype in P301S tau mice [117].