HLA-C and neoplasm: Furthermore, malignant B cells in lymphoid cancers leverage several methods to escape immune detection, such as decreasing the expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules to evade detection by cytotoxic T cells, and overexpression of immune checkpoint molecules like PD-L1 to cause T cell exhaustion and weaken the anti-tumor immune response, ultimately facilitating tumor survival and expansion (95).