The authors also found an association when assessing a nonlinear association; both mild anemia (β: −0.20, 95% CI: −0.41 to 0.00, p < 0.01) and moderate and severe anemia (β: −0.57, 95% CI: −0.78 to −0.36, p < 0.01) resulted in a reduction in offspring Hb when compared to nonanemic women [28]. The gene discussed is GSTM1; the disease is anemia (phenotype).