For example, astragaloside I, extracted from Astragalus membranaceus, has been shown to reduce renal fibrosis in diabetic kidney disease by inhibiting HDAC3 and TGF-β1, thereby regulating the Klotho/TGF-β1/Smad2/3 pathway (29). The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is renal fibrosis.