This revealed key signalling pathways involved in AR’s therapeutic mechanisms, including linoleic acid metabolism, the PPAR signalling pathway, the AGE-RAGE signalling pathway in diabetic complications, insulin resistance, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the TNF signalling pathway, and the IL-17 signalling pathway (Figure 4B). Here, PPARA is linked to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.