KL and chronic kidney disease: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by low levels of the anti-aging protein α-Klotho and accelerated cardiovascular (CV) morbidity including left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), vascular stiffness and atherosclerosis, which are observed even in childhood in up to 50% of patients with CKD stages 3–5 [1, 2].