TXNIP and inflammatory bowel disease: Previous studies have shown that LBPs alleviate inflammatory bowel disease by modulating STAT1/STAT6 signaling (Wang et al., 2023), and exert hepatoprotective effects by inhibiting thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) and suppressing NOD-like receptor 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation (Xiao et al., 2014).