KDR and hepatocellular carcinoma: Although Shimose et al. reported in a retrospective study that the therapeutic effect of ramucirumab as a post-Atezolizumab/Bevacizumab treatment was significantly greater in terms of progression-free survival than when ramucirumab was administered following other therapies,4 the implications of VEGFR2 inhibition on AFP-positive malignant HCC after this combination therapy remains unclear.