CASP1 and neoplasm: H2 pretreatment upregulated ROS and the expression of pyroptosis-related genes, and increased the number of PI- and TUNEL- positive cells. It also promoted the release of LDH and IL-1β, effects reduced by GSDMD depletion. H2 supplementation in a xenograft mouse model exerted an anti-tumor effect, as evidenced by decreased tumor radiance, attenuating tumor volume and weight through the pyroptotic pathway./H2 induces pyroptosis via a ROS-NLRP3-caspase-1 pathway. Consumption of H2-enriched water reduced the volume and weight of endometrial tumors in xenograft model mice.