Indeed, previous literature indicates that several factors within CF mucus, such as high viscosity, acidic pH, abundant proteases, and elevated concentrations of divalent cations (e.g., Ca2+ and Mg2+), can reduce the efficacy of AMPs by impeding their diffusion, degrading their structure, or neutralizing their charge-based affinity for microbial membranes (Sala et al., 2021; Goldman et al., 1997; Taggart et al., 2003; Zhang et al., 2005; Hiemstra, 2007). Here, ADSL is linked to cystic fibrosis.