Covariates included demographic characteristics, disease history, lifestyle factors, and related clinical laboratory indicators, such as sex, age, race, education level, marital status, hypertension history, diabetes history, coronary heart disease history, smoking history, alcohol consumption history, serum albumin (Alb) level, serum creatinine (Scr) level, fasting blood glucose level, total cholesterol level, triglyceride (TG) level, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level. Here, ALB is linked to diabetes mellitus.