MEFV and familial Mediterranean fever: Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is a hereditary autoinflammatory disease characterized by recurrent, self-limiting, febrile serosal and musculoskeletal inflammatory attacks.[1,2] Mutations in the Mediterranean fever (MEFV) gene encoding pyrin, a key regulator of inflammatory pathways, result in clinical symptoms due to overproduction of IL-1 (1, 2).