KIF5B and cancer: Notably, mitochondrial ATP synthase has been reported to localize on the plasma membrane of certain cells (referred to as ectopic ATP (eATP) synthase), where it plays a key role in extracellular ATP accumulation.20–22 The translocation of eATP synthase to the cancer cell surface occurs via DRP1 and KIF5B along microtubules.23 Since mutant RAS causes DRP1-mediated mitochondrial fragmentation,24 K-RasV12 in our cell system may facilitate the noncanonical localization of PCCA by inducing aberrant mitochondrial fission and transport to the cell surface.