The NLRP3 inflammasome is an intracellular proteolytic complex formed by different subunits, including NLRP3 and ASC, responsible for the cleavage of pro-Caspase 1 into its active form, which is responsible for the proteolytic activation of IL1beta and IL18, two proinflammatory cytokines upregulated in IBD. This evidence concerns the gene NLRP3 and inflammatory bowel disease.