The NLRP3 inflammasome is an intracellular proteolytic complex formed by different subunits, including NLRP3 and ASC, responsible for the cleavage of pro-Caspase 1 into its active form, which is responsible for the proteolytic activation of IL1beta and IL18, two proinflammatory cytokines upregulated in IBD. The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is inflammatory bowel disease.