G6PD and neoplasm: Specifically, the loss of FOXO1 increased apoptosis in HCT116 and MDA-MB-231 cells treated with H2O2 (100 μM), which was partially reversed by overexpressing G6PD or adding NAC (Figure 6A–C; Supplementary Figure S3A), while overexpression of FOXO1 alone significantly decreased tumor cell apoptosis (Supplementary Figure S3B).