SAMHD1 and HIV infectious disease: SAMHD1 is known to contribute to sub-optimal in vitro HIV infection rates in myeloid cells (Goujon et al. 2006; Hrecka et al. 2011; Laguette et al. 2011; Sunseri et al. 2011; Hofmann et al. 2012; Rai et al. 2020; Akiyama et al. 2021) by hydrolyzing deoxynucleoside triphosphates (dNTPs), thereby lowering the levels of dNTPs in the cells (Lahouassa et al. 2012).